For example, nanobody based CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) -T cell could better target the tumor microenvironment and inhibit solid tumor growth of melanoma (41); EGFR-nanobody produced by DNA immunization could effectively inhibit EGFR signaling and inhibit the growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (42, 43); The production of CD38-nanobody provided new ideas for the treatment of multiple myeloma (44); Nanobodies targeting CEA could be quickly absorbed by non-small cell lung cancer and targeted specific receptors (45). Here, CD38 is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.