While not yet investigated in the tumor setting, forced expression of CXCL13 in normal pancreatic β cells leads to the formation of TLS containing HEV, B cells and T cells via a process dependent on the initial infiltration of B cells into tissue and the activation of the lymphotoxin (LT)αβ-LTβR signaling cascade (31). The gene discussed is LTBR; the disease is neoplasm.