Although the exact role of TNF in different hematological diseases remains incompletely understood, elevated levels of TNF were found in patients suffering from myeloid leukemia (40) and myelodysplastic syndromes (41, 42), Fanconi anemia (43), Hodgkin’s disease (44) and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (45). Here, TNF is linked to myeloid leukemia.