When compared to healthy controls, T1D individuals evinced similar memory/effector distribution by partial permutation test (Figures 3A, B) and similar proportions of N, CM, EM and TE subsets (Figures 3C, D) in both Helios+ and Helios− Tregs, but CM subsets of Helios+ Tregs had a tendency to be lower in T1D (P = 0.076). This evidence concerns the gene IKZF2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.