DPP4 and liver dysplastic nodule: At present, besides strict control of blood sugar, the main treatment methods of DN include angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) (Lv et al., 2012) dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, and Sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism and endothelin antagonists have been shown to retard DN in a large randomized trial (Heerspink et al., 2016; Heerspink et al., 2019; Bakris et al., 2020).