While the classic Rho GTPases play important roles in actin cytoskeletal regulation, Miro1 (RhoT1) and Miro2 (RhoT2) are atypical Rho-like GTPases involved in modulating mitochondrial homeostasis and apoptosis and are strongly implicated in neurodegenerative diseases such as PD (Fransson et al., 2003; Stephen et al., 2015). The gene discussed is RHOT2; the disease is Parkinson disease.