Noteworthy, our group showed that the pharmacological activation of A2AR (Pagnussat et al., 2015) or the optogenetic activation of neuronal A2AR intracellular signaling in the hippocampus is actually sufficient to impair memory (Li et al., 2015), and these receptors in astrocytes were also shown to regulate memory processes, since the genetic ablation of astrocytic A2AR enhances memory performance of aged mice modeling AD (Orr et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene ADORA2A and Alzheimer disease.