Furthermore, we found that the activation status of these BAL DCs was Be concentration-dependent: low doses of ~18 μg had no effect, but upon repetitive exposure to 180 μg, an increase of DC activation markers was found (shown for MHCII and CD40 in Figure 4(c)), paralleling the DC phenotype observed in vivo in sarcoidosis patients [8]. Here, CD40 is linked to sarcoidosis.