While cotransfer experiments revealed a critical role for autocrine TGF-β1 in the maintenance of Th17 cell stability in intestinal inflammation and CNS autoimmunity, we could not rule out the possibility that Th17 cell-derived TGF-β1 also regulates the plasticity and pathogenicity of adjacent Th17 cells in a paracrine manner in vivo. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and Autoimmunity.