The centrality of the hepatic insulin response in cardiometabolic homeostasis was elegantly demonstrated by Ronald C. Kahn’s team over two decades ago, who observed that mice with liver-specific knockout of the insulin receptor exhibited hyperinsulinemia, abnormal levels of lipids in the blood (dyslipidaemia) and a proatherogenic lipoprotein profile (9, 10). Here, INS is linked to Hyperinsulinemia.