Diabetes mellitus is characterized by an altered metabolism (of carbohydrates, lipids, and lipoproteins) and chronic hyperglycemia resulting from pancreatic β-cell dysfunction (Wild et al., 2004; Qin et al., 2010), insulin production deficiency, insulin resistance in key target tissues and impaired glycemic index control (Leiter and Lewanczuk, 2005), (DeFronzo et al., 1992). This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.