Finally, multivariate analysis, including CNH, aneuploidy score, genome doubling, cancer type, MSI status, stage, age, gender and mutation status of TP53, KRAS, MYC, PTEN, VHL, PIK3CA, APC and BRAF, shows that CNH is a pan-cancer prognostic biomarker for both the PFI and OS (Supplementary Table 1 and Supplementary Fig. 5b–d). Here, PIK3CA is linked to cancer.