Studies on the pathological mechanisms of EV-A71 revealed that many cytokines, such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-22, IL-17F, IL-35, IL-8, IL-1β, IL-33, IL-4, IL-13, IL-6, IL-23, MCP-1, G-CSF, and IP-10, are associated with severe infection [45,51]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is infection.