RAC1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Although our data suggest that HCC/A does not significantly alter nascent dendrite outgrowth we wondered if it affects formation of dendritic protrusions, i.e. filopodia that can mature into dendritic spines (Ziv and Smith, 1996), and if this also requires Rac1 activity (Yoshihara et al., 2009).