Similarly, the use of v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF) inhibitors for tumors harboring BRAF V600E mutations, including pediatric low grade gliomas, gangliogliomas, pleiomorphic xanthoastrocytomas and Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, has extended survival for many of these patients (78). The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is central nervous system cancer.