Growing evidence supports the idea that patients lacking pre-existing tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells have a low response rate to ICIs, suggesting the hypothesis that ICIs need to be combined with other therapies that can stimulate potent tumor-specific T cell responses to improve the clinic outcomes (Hu et al., 2018; van der Burg, 2018; Shae et al., 2019). Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.