CXCL9 and TWIST1-related craniosynostosis: An exaggerated type 1 helper T cell (Th1) response is a frequent feature of CRS1, and the initial profile (day 3 of admission; Fig. 2a) indicated activation of Th1 cells (elevated MIG, IL-2R, IL-16, IFN-γ and IL-18) and macrophages (elevated MCP-1, MIP, IL-8, IL-18 and MIG).