For instance, PARD3 acts as a tumor suppressor in lung, bladder, breast, cervical, esophageal and pancreatic cancers and malignant melanoma15,22,24,27,35–38, but it is found to be activated in ovarian cancer and clear-cell renal carcinoma18,25,39. This evidence concerns the gene PARD3 and familial pancreatic carcinoma.