In summary, the present study innovatively illustrates that MMVs can deliver mfn2, PGC-1α, and functional mitochondria to intestinal epithelial cells, and synergistically improve mitochondrial dynamic balance of target cells after sepsis, and restore the mitochondrial function and intestinal barrier function, which was related to the improvement of mitochondrial OXPHOS and aspartate metabolism (Fig. 10). This evidence concerns the gene PPARGC1A and Sepsis.