TUG1 and cancer: Abnormal expression of lncRNA TUG1 affected the proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of a variety of cancers, including bladder urothelial carcinoma, osteosarcoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, suggesting that lncRNA TUG1 may be used as a diagnostic marker or therapeutic target (Jun et al. 2016a; Qun et al. 2020).