MTOR and megalencephaly: Hyperactivation of the mTOR pathway by mutations in genes encoding components of the mTOR pathway (e.g., AKT3, PIK3CA, DEPDC5, PTEN, TSC1, TSC2, RHEB, and MTOR itself) has been associated with different types of MCD, such as megalencephaly and FCD, as well as with epilepsy [2,15,16].