Immunophenotyping and cytogenetic studies demonstrate similarities between LN and lobular invasive carcinoma as well as low-grade DCIS, namely high expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), low Ki-67, and well-differentiated cytokeratin profile (CK5- and CK18+), and these findings lead some to consider LN as a precursor of invasive breast cancer [42]. The gene discussed is ESR1; the disease is ductal breast carcinoma in situ.