It was demonstrated that these gene modifications lead to tumour growth that intestinal stem cell niche factors are not involved in it, when inactivating mutations in TP53, APC and SMAD4 and activating mutations in KRAS are introduced to healthy organoids, tumour growth was independent of the TME factors noggin, R‐spondin‐1, WNT and EGF.13, 14. The gene discussed is SMAD4; the disease is neoplasm.