Antibodies blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint pathway have been approved in the first-line setting for a range of cancer types including non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), urothelial cancer, triple negative breast cancer, colorectal cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), microsatellite instability-high cancer, and melanoma. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.