INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: As reported by Chu et al. and Tamborlane, children with T1D who are on fixed insulin doses are at “triple jeopardy” for hypoglycemia on nights following exercise, potentially due to: (1) peripheral glucose utilization increasing during recovery; (2) counterregulatory hormone responses impaired by sleep; and (3) unchanged insulin concentrations because of a fixed basal insulin treatment regimen.109, 110