NES and teratocarcinoma: Immunostaining for specific markers provides confirmation of the mixed nature of the teratocarcinoma: neural tissues were identified by positive staining for mature pan neuronal marker Class III β tubulin and early marker Nestin (Dhara and Stice, 2008; Nestor et al., 2013), epithelial structures were identified by positive staining for cytoskeletal marker cytokeratin 8, and regions of undifferentiated stem cells were detected using the pluripotency associated transcription factor Oct4 (Figure 3A).