TNF and leukodystrophy: Higher levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, MCP-5, tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1, IL-16, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)12, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)1, CXCL10, and CXCL13 in serum are associated with intake of HLD due to the up-regulation of the cluster of differentiation (CD)3, CD45, forkhead box protein P3 (FoxP3), MCP-1, IL-6, and TNF-α [240].