BST2 and autoimmune disease: In addition, BST-2 expression levels are elevated in several cancers such as head and neck, breast, cervical, lung, endometrial, myelomas, and glioblastomas (22–29) as well as lupus erythematosus (SLE) an autoimmune disease (30), suggesting that BST-2 could be an immunotherapeutic target for several diseases.