CD8A and lip and oral cavity carcinoma: Several studies have identified the phenotype of Th cells in tumors and some authors have observed an imbalance in the different Th lineages in oral cancer, being Th2 cells augmented and Th1 cells reduced in comparison with samples from healthy donors (36). In general, pro-inflammatory Th1 responses have been associated with good prognosis in cancer, as these responses increase macrophage mediated phagocytosis, activates B cells to promote the production of opsonizing antibodies, activates complement and activates CD8+ T cells to promote cytotoxic mechanisms (37).