TP53 and cancer: However, it has been noticed that most OS cases occur in patients with certain rare inherited types of cancers or diseases such as retinoblastoma, Li–Fraumeni syndrome, and Rothmund–Thomson syndrome, which involve chromosomal abnormalities of the tumor-suppressors RB1 and TP53, as well as the DNA helicase REQL4 genes, respectively [6, 11, 16].