Published English articles were searched from 2000 to 2020 using the following search terms: “Granulocyte colony stimulating factor producing tumor” and “FDG”, or “Granulocyte colony stimulating factor producing tumor” and “hyperplasia bone marrow”, or “Granulocyte colony stimulating factor producing tumor” and “Bone scintigraphy”. Here, CSF2 is linked to neoplasm.