NDUFA2 and depressive symptom measurement: For example, although eight genes (PCDHA8, FANCL, TMEM161B-AS1, GMPPB, STAU1, NDUFA2, GPX1 and PCDHA7) were not included in the overlapping TWS gene list, we noticed that these genes were significantly dysregulated in the DLPFC of depression cases compared with controls (Supplementary Table 3), suggesting the potential role of these genes in depression.