GIP and infection: Each of these genes has reported roles in the gut: the Lark RNA binding protein controls infection-induced RNA splicing [26], prostaglandins protect the gastrointestinal mucosal barrier from noxious chemicals [27], and GPR119, a glucose-dependent insulinotropic receptor, senses fat and regulates appetite and gut motility via the release of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) from enteroendocrine cells [28, 30].