Defective CoA biosynthesis and homeostasis have been associated with various diseases including diabetes [19,20], Reye’s syndrome, cancer [21], neurodegeneration [22], pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) [23], vitamin B12 deficiency [24] and cardiac hypertrophy [25–28]. The gene discussed is PANK1; the disease is pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration.