In the cases, insulin sensitivity was similar in the late NGT ranges and IGT/DM giving similar kind of observations to that of the METSIM study [20]. The decline in overall β-cell secretion and first-phase insulin secretion in the background of already reduced insulin sensitivity (more prominent in cases, 40-50% reduction in WBISI) could be the reason for reduced β-cell compensation and subsequent elevation of blood glucose levels in the late NGT and IGT/DM subjects. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.