Moreover, several previous studies have illustrated that activated NF-κB regulates the expression of genes such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and promotes the occurrence, development and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, chronic infections and cancer (Nold-Petry et al., 2015; Stassi et al., 2017; Wilson et al., 2020). Here, TNF is linked to autoimmune disease.