Our lab has been using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as a delivery system in animal studies because they are highly stable, pure, and their surface is easy to modify.144,147 We delivered AuNPs conjugated with siRNA targeting circDnmt1 or AON targeting binding sites on circDnmt1 for Auf1 and p53 proteins as a therapeutic approach for breast cancer.15 We found that both treatments suppressed cellular autophagy and tumor growth and extended the lifespan of mice. The gene discussed is HNRNPD; the disease is neoplasm.