Immune-checkpoint blockades (ICBs) including the well-known PD-1/PD-L1 as well as CTLA-4 have produced durable response rates and survival improvement in RCC and monoclonal antibodies such as nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab and avelumab are being tested in RCC [7]. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is renal cell carcinoma.