INSL3 and diabetes mellitus: KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the most significantly enriched pathways included energy metabolism (oxidative phosphorylation, thermogenesis, and carbon metabolism), extracellular matrix (ECM) (ECM-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, and regulation of actin cytoskeleton), steroid hormone synthesis (steroid biosynthesis and ovarian steroidogenesis), diabetes complications (AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications), apoptosis, the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, and the relaxin (INSL3) signaling pathway, among other terms (Fig. 2d).