VEGFA and primary brain neoplasm: Altered expression profiles of epidermal growth factor (EGF; Di Carlo et al., 1992), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF; Smits and Funa, 1998), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; Machein and Plate, 2000) and their respective receptors have each been implicated in the development and progression of primary brain tumors.