Intriguingly, other fate-restricted cell populations have been linked to tumor initiation and have been shown for astrocytes in astrocytoma and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (NG2)-positive OPCs in oligodendrogliomas (Chow et al., 2011; Zong et al., 2015). Here, CSPG4 is linked to astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma).