TNF and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: The traditional view that hepatic macrophages in NASH are predominantly pro-inflammatory (so-called M1) and contribute to disease by the production of cytokines such as IL-1α/β, TNFα, IL-6, and CCL2 (37) and recruitment of pro-inflammatory monocytes has been expanded to incorporate a role for tissue reparative macrophages (so-called M2) (38) associated with fibrosis development.