The KEYNOTE-028 and KEYNOTE-158 trials showed that PD-L1 expression was predictive in only 17% and 14.6% of the patients with advanced cervical cancer treated with pembrolizumab, respectively.6 7 In the Checkmate-358 trial, 10 patients with PD-L1-positive advanced cervical cancer who received nivolumab monotherapy achieved a response rate of 20%.9 In addition to PD-L1, the tumor microsatellite instability (MSI) status and mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) have been demonstrated to correlate with ICI therapy response across cancer types. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and cervical carcinoma.