ALB and chronic kidney disease: Since 2012, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) has pointed out that an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73m2 or renal injury markers such as proteinuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) ≥ 30 mg/g) for at least 3 months can be used as diagnostic criteria for CKD [8].