The frequency of ZFPM1 mutations in our EPCs was also significantly higher than that in other tumor types according to the TCGA database, including colon adenocarcinoma, uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma, stomach adenocarcinoma, and invasive breast carcinoma (p < 0.05, Chi-square test; Fig. 5b, Supplementary Data 4). Here, ZFPM1 is linked to invasive breast carcinoma.