ENHO and myocardial infarction: At day 28, compared with the MI group, the MI + MSC and MI + MSC + Adropin groups showed a significant improvement in the left ventricular EF (35% ± 1% vs. 46% ± 1% and 57% ± 1%, p < 0.01, respectively) and FS (p < 0.01), and the MI + MSC + Adropin group (transplanted with adropin-pretreated MSCs and meanwhile treated with adropin, so called adropin-based dual treatment) had a higher EF and FS than the MI + MSC group (MSCs transplantation alone) (Fig. 2A–C), suggesting a beneficial impact of adropin-based dual treatment on therapeutic effects of transplanted MSCs in MI.