At that time, paraneoplastic and autoimmune LEs were clearly underdiagnosed, and the frequency of reported cases was substantially lower compared with rapidly progressive cerebellar syndromes and sensory neuronopathies.11 Importantly, some of the most frequent cell surface antibodies associate with typically nonparaneoplastic forms of LE, such as leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) or contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CASPR2) antibodies.10 Therefore, the historical concept of LE as a phenotype predominantly associated with cancer has changed dramatically in the last 10 years. Here, CNTNAP2 is linked to cancer.