SOX1 and small cell lung carcinoma: These antibodies occur similarly in the paraneoplastic and nonparaneoplastic forms of the disease.34 Conversely, antiglial nuclear antibodies (or SOX1 antibodies) are strongly associated with SCLC or paraneoplastic syndromes associated with SCLC; therefore, their detection in patients with LEMS strongly suggests the presence of an underlying SCLC.36 In addition, the Dutch-English LEMS tumor association prediction score is based on clinical criteria and is useful in the discrimination between paraneoplastic and nonparaneoplastic LEMS.37