EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: At least 8 randomized phase III studies have shown, in patients suffering from advanced NSCLC with EGFR mutation, superiority in patients on oral treatment with an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor such as gefitinib (250 mg/day), erlotinib (150 mg/day) or afatinib (40 mg/day) in the first line of treatment compared to standard platinum-based chemotherapy, in terms of both response rate (RR) and progression-free survival (PFS) (Han et al. 2012; Mitsudomi et al. 2010; Maemondo et al. 2010; Zhou et al. 2011; Goto et al. 2012).