This finding raises a very important question related to baseline stratification efforts aimed at selecting individuals who are most likely to respond for either clinical trials or, eventually, for patient-tailored immunotherapies: if individuals with type 1 diabetes experience a daily change in CD8 effector memory populations as great as that determined to be associated with positive clinical response, how could single measurements taken at arbitrary points in time be maximally informative? The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.