Furthermore, at d58 post ATI, by which all RMs had experienced virologic rebound and PEG-IFNα therapy was no longer effective (Figs. 4c and 5a), the frequency of terminally differentiated NK cells in cytokine-treated RMs converged with levels observed in controls (Supplementary Fig. 10f); indicating that during viremic conditions prior cytokine therapy alone does not lead to persistent alterations in NK cell differentiation in pathogenic models of infection. The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is infection.