First, the expression of voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) protein, ubiquitously expressed and located in the outer mitochondrial membrane28, was analyzed to assess the purity of the cytoplasmic/mitochondrial fractions isolated from purified normal B-cells (N1–N4) or CLL cells (P6, P10, and P11) in western blots using a specific antibody. The gene discussed is VDAC1; the disease is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.